Dendrodoa grossularia

Researched By	Lizzie Tyler	Data Supplied By	University of Sheffield
Refereed by	This information is not refereed.
Taxonomy
Scientific name	Dendrodoa grossularia	Common name	Baked-bean ascidian
MCS Code	ZD119	Recent Synonyms
Phylum	Chordata	Subphylum	Tunicata
Superclass		Class	Ascidiacea
Subclass		Order	Pleurogona
Suborder	Stolidobranchiata	Family	Styelidae
Genus	Dendrodoa	Species	grossularia
Subspecies
Additional Information
Taxonomy References	Fish & Fish, 1996, Hayward & Ryland, 1995b, Millar, 1970, Hayward et al., 1996, Gibson et al., 2001, Howson & Picton, 1997
General Biology
Growth form	Globose	Feeding method	Passive suspension feeder, Active suspension feeder
Mobility/Movement	Permanent attachment	Environmental position	Epifaunal
Typical food types	Phytoplankton, organic detritus.	Habit	Attached
Bioturbator		Flexibility	Low (10-45 degrees)
Fragility	Intermediate	Size	Small(1-2cm)
Height	Up to 2 cm.	Growth Rate	Not researched
Adult dispersal potential	None	Dependency	Independent
Sociability	Gregarious
Toxic/Poisonous?	No
Additional Information
Biology References	Fish & Fish, 1996, Hayward & Ryland, 1995b, Millar, 1970, Hayward et al., 1996, Gibson et al., 2001, Hayward & Ryland, 1990
Distribution and Habitat
Distribution in Britain & Ireland	Widely distributed, and locally common, around British and Irish coasts. Not recorded in northeast Scotland, the coast south of the Humber to the Stour and the south coast of Ireland.
Global distribution	Found from the Arctic south to the north coasts of France and possibly off the north-east coasts of Canada.
Biogeographic range	Cold temperate to temperate.	Depth range
Migratory
Distribution Additional Information
Substratum preferences	Bedrock, Large to very large boulders, Algae, Other species (see additional information)	Physiographic preferences
Biological zone		Wave exposure
Tidal stream strength/Water flow		Salinity
Habitat Additional Information
AMBI Group (Borja et al., 2000)	I
Distribution References	Fish & Fish, 1996, Hayward & Ryland, 1995b, Millar, 1970, Hayward et al., 1996, Bruce et al., 1963, Gibson et al., 2001, Hayward & Ryland, 1990
Reproduction/Life History
Reproductive type		Developmental mechanism
Reproductive Season	April to October	Reproductive Location	As adult
Reproductive frequency		Regeneration potential	No
Life span	1-2 years	Age at reproductive maturity
Generation time	Not researched	Fecundity	260
Egg/propagule size	206.5 µm diameter	Fertilization type	Internal
Larvae/Juveniles Larval/Juvenile dispersal potential Not researched Larval settlement period April to October Duration of larval stage <1 day
Additional Information	It is hermaphroditic although the exact type of hermaphroditism has not been recorded.
Reproduction References	MBA, 1957, Millar, 1954